What are the characteristics of vacuum pumps?

According to the working principle of vacuum pumps, vacuum pumps can be basically divided into two types, namely gas trapping pumps and gas transfer pumps. It is widely used in metallurgy, chemical industry, food, electronic coating and other industries.

This article contains the following:

The overall structure of the pump

The transmission mode of the pump

Features of vacuum pumps

1.The overall structure of the pump

The layout of the pump body of the vacuum pump determines the overall structure of the pump.

The vertical structure of the inlet and exhaust ports are set horizontally, and it is more convenient to assemble and connect the pipelines. However, the center of gravity of the pump is high, and the stability is poor during high-speed operation, so this type is mostly used for small pumps.

The intake port of the horizontal pump is on the top, and the exhaust port is on the bottom. Sometimes, to facilitate the installation and connection of the vacuum system pipes, the exhaust port can be taken out from the horizontal direction, that is, the inlet and exhaust directions are perpendicular to each other. At this time, the exhaust port can be opened from both left and right directions, except for connecting one end of the exhaust pipe, the other end is blocked or connected to the bypass valve. This pump has a low center of gravity and good stability at high speeds. Generally, large and medium-sized pumps adopt this structure.

The two rotor shafts of the pump are installed perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The assembly gap of this structure is easy to control, the rotor is easy to assemble, and the pump covers a small area. However, the center of gravity of the pump is high and the gears are inconvenient to disassemble, and the lubrication mechanism is relatively complicated.

2. The transmission mode of the pump

The two rotors of the vacuum pump are operated relatively synchronously through a pair of high-precision gears. The driving shaft is connected with the motor through a coupling. There are two main types of transmission structure layout: one is that the motor and gear are placed on the same side of the rotor as shown in the figure. The driven rotor is directly driven by the gear at the motor end, so that the torsional deformation of the active rotor shaft is small, the gap between the two rotors will not change due to the large torsional deformation of the drive shaft, so the gap between the rotors is running Even in the process. The biggest shortcomings of this transmission method are: a. There are three bearings on the driving shaft, which increases the difficulty of processing and assembly of the pump, and it is also inconvenient to disassemble and adjust the gear; b. The overall structure is uneven, and the center of gravity of the pump is biased toward the motor and gear Box side.

3.Features of vacuum pumps

(1) There is a larger pumping speed in a wider pressure range;

(2) The rotor has good geometric symmetry, so the vibration is small and the operation is stable. There are gaps between the rotor and between the rotor and the casing, no lubrication is needed, and the friction loss is small, which can greatly reduce the driving power and thus achieve a higher speed;

(3) There is no need to seal and lubricate with oil in the pump cavity, which can reduce the pollution of the oil vapor to the vacuum system;

(4) There is no compression and no exhaust valve in the pump cavity. The structure is simple and compact, not sensitive to dust and water vapor in the pumped gas;

(5) The compression is relatively low, and the effect of pumping hydrogen is poor;

(6) The surface of the rotor is a curved cylindrical surface with a complicated shape, which is difficult to process and inspect.

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